Uzbekistan
Uzbekistan
Uzbekistan is located in the hinterlands of Central Asia and is also
known as the Republic of Uzbekistan. Covering an area of 447,400
square kilometers, it has a population of 25.8 million with 129
ethnic groups, of whom 78.8% are Uzbeks, with the rest Russian,
Tajik, and so on. Residents are Muslim. Uzbek is the official
language, and Russian is also spoken. The currency is is the som.
Tashkent (Toshkent) is the capital.
National Flag
The national flag of Uzbekistan has five colored strips, which are,
from the top down, pale blue, light red, white, light red, and light
green. In the top left corner of the light blue section, there is a
crescent and twelve five-pointed stars.
History
In the Year 9 - 1 century, the Uzbek nation was formed. In the 15th
century, the Mongols conquered Uzbekistan. In the 14th century, Amir
Timur went to Samarkand to establish the capital of the empire. From
the 16th to 18th century, the Khanates of Bukhara, Khiva, and Kokand
were in the country. In the 1860s and 1870s, part of the territory
(now the state of Fergana SamarkandI) were absorbed into Russia.
From 1917-1918, Soviet power was established, and in October 1924,
the Uzbek Soviet Socialist Republic was established and joined the
Soviet Union. On August 31, 1991, Uzbekistan declared independence.
Economic and Cultural Customs
Uzbekistan's primary agriculture is cotton planting and sericulture
development; the main food crops are rice and wheat. Animal
husbandry is mainly sheep, and a large number of them. Primary
industries are fuel, machine building, ferrous metallurgy,
chemicals, and light industry. Rich in natural resources,
Uzbekistan's pillar industries are the "Four Golden": gold, platinum
(cotton), "black gold" (oil), and "blue gold" (natural gas). The
high, stable yield and fine quality of cotton is world-famous.
Uzbek people like to play Tamboura, drums, and other musical
instruments, and also like to sing and dance. Each dynasty built
palaces, mosques, tombs, and other ancient buildings such as the
many seminaries, including Bukhara, that have been included in the
World Heritage List.
Samarkand
The famous ancient Central Asian city is located in Zeravshan
valley, and the Silk Road runs through the city. In the late 14th
century, it was the capital of the Timurid Empire. The city has many
institutions of higher education, including an Archaeological
Institute. Preserved here are many of the 14th-17th century
architectural monuments of the Timurid Empire, including the most
magnificent palace, built as a mausoleum.
Aral Sea
A world-famous saltwater lagoon, located on the border between
Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan, the Aral Sea reached 66,000 square
kilometers wide, but, as a source of the Amu Darya and Syr Darya,
the Sea was drained for agricultural irrigation, leading to reduced
lake area. As the rivers flow and with increased drought, water
salinity has increased, now reaching 8 ‰ to 15 ‰.
Bukhara
Bukhara is an ancient city of Central Asia. Oasis Centre in Bukhara
was built in the 1st century BC. From the 16th century to 1920, the
dynasties of the Khanate of Bukhara built many buildings. Whether a
palace, mosque, mausoleum, seminary, or the city's marketplace,
enjoy the "museum city." There are 140 surviving ancient Islamic
buildings of rich color. The oldest is from the late 9th to 10th
century, the Ismail - Saman Ni tomb, which is representative of
Central Asian architecture.
|
