Location: Britain is in western Europe and is also known as the United Kingdom.
Area: 244,100 square kilometers.
Population: 58.84 million, mainly from England.
Religion: Christianity.
Official language: English.
Currency: Sterling.
Capital: London.

National Flag

Known as the Union Jack flag. The side of the red flag of England's patron saint is St. George's Cross, White Cross on behalf of the patron saint of Scotland, St Andrews, Red Cross Patrick Cross on behalf of the Irish patron saint. This flag is white with red being cross England flag and the flag of Scotland and Ireland, the blue cross cross cross cross flag red white overlap into.

History

In the 15th century AD, Great Britain was ruled by the Roman Empire. Afterwards, the Anglo-Saxons and Jutes invaded. The seventh century saw the formation of the feudal system. A total of 829 years of the unification of England is known to history as the "Anglo-Saxon era." In 1066, Duke William of Normandy crossed the sea to conquer England and establish the Normandy dynasty. In 1556, England and Wales combined. On May 19, 1649, the country was declared a republic. In 1660, a dynasty was restored. In 1668, "the glorious Revolution" occurred and a constitutional monarchy was established. In 1707, England and Scotland merged; in 1801, it merged with the Irish. In 1921, 26 counties in southern Ireland set up a "Free State", with the northern six counties still vested in the United Kingdom.

Economic and Cultural Customs

Britain is the birthplace of the Industrial Revolution, the bourgeoisie, the traditional industrial powers of the world including coalmining, steel-making, machinery manufacturing, textiles and other traditional industries. With the development of the world economy, new aircraft manufacturing, electronics, telecommunications, automotive and chemical industries have replaced the traditional industries as the main body of British industry. One aircraft, chemical and electronics sectors place in the world. After the discovery of North Sea oil fields, the oil industry has developed rapidly, and now basically meets domestic demand as well as exporting petroleum and petroleum products.

Britain has a sound financial and insurance system. London is one the world's two largest financial markets (the other is New York), and features business securities, foreign exchange and gold business. London's gold price is recognized as the international gold market standard price.
The land area for agricultural population has continued to decrease, but not the degree of mechanization, production and self-sufficiency rates. The UK has rich coastal fish products and is one of the world's main fish producers.

Greenwich Observatory

Built in 1675, the original location of the Royal Observatory was in southeast London on the River Thames. The world's time zones start from this system, which uses the Earth's longitude. It is part of the Royal Maritime Museum, which houses the Meridian. Here, there is a copper wire embedded in the marble floor inside, and this is the prime meridian line (zero longitude). Travel into the regular copper wire pictures of feet across, to show across the east and west hemispheres.

British Museum

Built in 1753, this is located in the City of London, and houses a collection of artifacts and books that makes it one of the world's most abundant museums, including a large number of valuable documents and manuscripts. Owing to its strong power in the 18th and 19th centuries, Britain's gunboats were rampant in the world oceans and many relics were plundered from the spoils of war. Many scholars regard the research and writing here as the best.

Oxford

Oxford is Britain's number one cultural city. Situated on the River Thames, it is also known as the "Athens of England". The city consists of two parts:, the automobile industry and the university, accounting for almost half the city. Oxford University was founded in 1168, and so has more than 800 years of history. It has more than 40 colleges located across the city in all directions, such as Maitland School, Queen's College, University College, Berio College, Trinity College and Christ College.. Oxford University without walls, magnificent and ancient building complex discreet, hidden deep in the shade, people like the area into the medieval palace. Altogether, 29 British Prime Ministers have graduated from Oxford University.

Penny Black stamps

The 19th century, the then British Minister Roland • Seal postal walk once, met a girl received a letter sent Postman, because shipping is too expensive after seeing a return to the postmen. Roland • Seal decided to change the existing recipient paid by the postal system.

In 1837, his letter to the British Parliament recommended the return postage was replaced by the burden, and stamp was born. In 1889, the British Parliament adopted the proposal. So, Roland Sylvain, with a portrait of Queen Victoria, designed the world's first stamp called the Penny Black.

Economic and Cultural Customs

In the 16th century, Newton discovered the law of universal gravitation. He established a classical mechanical system with the German mathematician Leibniz, the founder of calculus. In the 18th century, Watt invented the steam engine, which pushed the wheels of the Industrial Revolution. In the 19th century, Charles Darwin published On The Origin of Species. From 1901 to 1980, 77 British scientists won the Nobel Prize. In regards space exploration, biotechnology and basic physics, the British scientific community always walks tall in the world.

British people live traditional and conservative lifestyles, but have tolerance and respect for individual freedom and nationalities. The British cultural landscape shows diversity and has some of the most attractive tourist spots. Elegant and beautiful in England, Scotland vigorous heroic, ancient natural Wales, Northern Ireland mysterious vicissitudes. Reading, football and drinking tea are favorite British pastimes.

In the British constitution, the king is the hereditary head of state. Nominally, the supreme power belongs to the king, but in practice it is subject to the arrangement and control of the government. Nevertheless, the hereditary king or queen is highly respected and enjoys the highest form of courtesy. The king is seen as "the embodiment of the state" and his image is printed on all royal correspondence.

Buckingham Palace

This is the British royal palace, which was built by the Duke of Buckingham in 1703 and designed by the great British architect John Nash. Since Queen Victoria continued after the Royal Palace, the queen, such as see the Prime Minister, Minister and other activities are held here. When the queen is in the palace, the palace flag replaces the British flag. Buckingham Palace before the Royal Guard, dressed in red T-shirt at any time, wearing a black bear fur hats. Daily at 11:30am, there is the changing of the guard ceremony held in front of the palace. Buckingham Palace is generally not open to the public, but there are three exceptions: First, the changing of the guard ceremony; second, Queen Museum of Art; and third, the Royal stables.

Channel Tunnel

The Channel Tunnel was a huge modernization project completed in May 1994. The tunnel starts in Folkestone in south-east England and joins Calais in north-west France. It has a length of 50 km and three 1.5 m thick concrete pipe structures for wide trains. Passengers drive onto these trains by bus or car or directly board the train.

Stonehenge

Salisbury Plain is home to Stonehenge. Built between 3100 BC and 1100 BC, 30 upright stones form a circle 30 m in diameter. These square stones have undergone thousands of years of vicissitudes and are considered the mysterious ancient ruins of religion and science and a miracle of ancient architecture.

Saint Helena (United Kingdom)
Saint Helena is a volcanic island located in the South Atlantic. Approximately 7,000 people inhabit the 412 square kilometers of land, most of whom are Christian. English is the primary language, the currency is the Saint Helena pound, and the capital is Jamestown.

History

On May 21, 1502 (St. Helena Day), the Spanish navigator Nova reached the island. In 1653, the Dutch occupied the island, with the British replacing the Dutch East India Company in 1659. From 1815 to 1821, the French emperor Napoleon was exiled, imprisoned, and eventually died on the island. In April 1854, the British Parliament passed a resolution assigning the island to the British Crown Colony, sent by the British Governor.

Economy and Cultural Customs

The main economic activity is fishing. Swallows and turtles abound. The main crops are corn, potatoes, and vegetables, with fisheries tax, stamps, and handicrafts the main source of income. Crayfish fishing is also a major industry. St. Helena Island is one of Ascension and Tristan da Cunha, Ascension Island to which middle Gu "Green Turtle" known.

British Virgin Islands
The British Virgin Islands are located between the Atlantic Ocean and the Caribbean Sea, north of the Leeward Islands. Covering an area of 153 square kilometers, the islands are home to a population of 2.2 million people, most of whom are of African descent. Residents are Christian, and English is the most common language. The currency is the U.S. dollar, and the capital is Road Town.

History

The islands were original inhabited by indigenous Indians. In 1495, Columbus reached the islands, which became an annex of Britain in 1672. In 1872, the islands became a British colony as part of the Leeward Islands, Phoenix Islands by the Governor's jurisdiction back to 1960. The islands after being appointed by the Chief Minister is responsible.

Economy and Cultural Customs

The economy is dependent on tourism and financial services.

Turks and Caicos Islands (British)
The Turks and Caicos Islands are located at the southeastern tip of the Bahamas, covering an area of 430 square kilometers. The population is 24,000, with more than 90% black and the rest white or of mixed heritage. The residents are Christian and English is the official language is English. The currency is the U.S. dollar and the capital is Cockburn Town.

History

Arawak Indians originally inhabited by ethnic tribes and Lukayuesi places. In 1512, the islands were discovered by the Spanish, but later became a British colony in 1766. In 1799, they returned to the jurisdiction of the Bahamas, and from 1875 to 1959 came under the jurisdiction of Jamaica. After Jamaican independence in 1962, the islands remained British colony. In 1972 the Queen appointed the first Governor of the Islands.

Economy and Cultural Customs

The fishing and salt industries are the main source of income, as well as revenues from tourism and financial services.

Montserrat (United Kingdom)
Montserrat is located in the northeast Caribbean, at the center of the Little Antilles. An area of 102 square kilometers is home to a population of 09,000, mainly black. Residents are primarily Protestant or Catholic, and English is the main language. The currency is the East Caribbean dollar. The capital was Plymouth, but this was destroyed by volcanic eruptions in 1997, and the provisional seat of government is now Blades (Brades).

History

Columbus came to the island in 1493, and in 1632 it became a British colony, although was later occupied twice by France. In 1783 it once again became a British colony. 1871-1956 years back as part of Phoenix Islands Federation colony. 1958-1962 as the "West Indies Federation" members. A referendum in January 1967 resulted in the country remaining a British colony, with a ruling Governor appointed by Queen of England.

Economy and Cultural Customs

Montserrat’s economy relies on tourism, services, and agriculture. In recent years, communications and the rapid development of the financial industry have meant that these now provide a major source of income.

Anguilla (United Kingdom)
Anguilla is located in the eastern Caribbean, at the northern end of the Leeward Islands. Area of 96 square kilometers is home to a population of 12,700, most of whom are of African descent. The majority of the population profess to be Christian, and English is the official language. The currency is the East Caribbean dollar and the capital is the Valley.

History

In 1650, Anguilla became a British colony. In June 1825, the island was placed under British jurisdiction of St. Kitts. In 1967, Saint Kitts and Nevis became a joint member of the Commonwealth, with independent internal affairs, but with Britain retaining responsibility for foreign affairs and defense. On December 19, 1980, Anguilla formally separated from Saint Kitts and Nevis, once again coming directly under British dominion. On April 1, 1982 the Governor managed to change.

Economy and Cultural Customs

The economy is heavily reliant on tourism. Fishing, salt, and shipbuilding are also important industries, as is the international financial industry.