Peru - China corn
The Republic of Peru is located in western South America, and in an ancient Indian language means "corn storage," since corn is the main crop. An area of 1,285,200 square kilometers is home to a population of 27.15 million, mainly Indian and mestizo. Residents are Catholic and the official language is Spanish, although Quechua, Aymara, and other Indian languages are also spoken. The currency is the new soles and Lima is the capital. Peru Map

National Flag

The Peruvian flag consists of three vertical stripes of red and white, with an emblem in the center.

History

In the 11th century, indigenous Indians founded Cusco as the capital of the Inca empire. During the 15th and 16th centuries, the Incan civilization developed in the Americas. However, Peru was colonized by Spain in 1533, and a District Governor of Peru was established in 1544. Peru became the center of Spanish colonial rule in South America. On July 28, 1821, independence was declared. In 1835, Peru and Bolivia combined, but the alliance disintegrated in 1839. From 1879 to 1883, the Joint Bolivia and Chile were the "Pacific War", Peru defeated cede territory. In 1933, Peru fought a border war again Colombia, which resulted in Peruvian defeat. The late 20th century saw political turmoil in Peru, and in March 1980, the junta "government to the people" was established.

Machu Picchu
Machu Picchu is the seat of Peru's ancient Inca empire. Located 112 kilometers northwest of the plateau, the city is at an altitude of 228 meters. Built around the 15th century, the Spanish destroyed the Inca empire was abandoned Ji Bei. Until 1911 arrival in North American history professor Hiram • Bingaman found. Old Town area of 13 square kilometers, building shape in the design, layout and orderly, all from the huge granite bricks, without adhesive materials, combined with tight, even the blade will not fit. There are many built around the terraces along the hillside. Some of the original building still remains, such as the Temple and the remains of hundreds of houses.

Economy and Cultural Customs

Peru is the world's largest producer and exporter of fish products, with one of the largest global catches of sardines. It also provides the main export of salted fish powder. Peru is the birthplace of civilization, with sophisticated agriculture. Corn, potatoes and other crops have been cultivated for thousands of years by the local people. The main crops are corn, rice, wheat, sugarcane, cotton, potatoes, and coffee. Mining and smelting also play an important role in the national economy, with other vital industries being textiles, sugar refining, food processing, and even paper, and shipbuilding.
Peru is the home of the ancient Inca civilization. The Inca excelled in mathematics, astronomy, and medicine. They also developed a lunar calendar, using the location of the sun to determine agricultural decisions.

Forests account for 58% of the total area, with about 7 billion cubic meters of wood accumulation. Cinchona tree, the eastern region and more than additive tree cinchona tree of South America tropical evergreen woody plants in the wild, The bark contains a variety of alkaloids, and quinine, a cure for malaria, can also be extracted from it. Tree leaves can be added to refine anesthetic cocaine.

Peru has a strong cold front along the coast through, the annual prevalence of southerly and south-east wind blowing, the sea surface deviate from the coast and the lower cold water rich in nutrients on the pan, bring to the fish-rich foods, there are more than 800 kinds of fish classes and a variety of shellfish, with the area one of South America’s three major fishing grounds.

Peru's southern Nazca plateau is a dry, desolate and barren place. However, there are many huge paintings dug 10 to 15 cm into the Nazca Valley, several hundred square meters large. They depict a variety of animals, plants and people, and can only be viewed from high altitudes. Especially in the sunset, the light will be especially huge delineate clear. Some scientists believe that the patterns on the Nazca plateau align with astrological charts, and that the giant paintings marked changes in the astronomical seasons. The major solar system planets are marked with their own lines and triangles, by different shapes, can be found on the ground paint dotted the many constellations in the southern hemisphere, However, the origin of the giant paintings is still a mystery.

Drinking Charles Islands
Peru's "Bird Island" attracts hundreds of birds because of the dense schools of fish that swim around the coast. Hundreds of gorgeous birds live on the islands, making them look like floating silk. The guano is tens of meters thick, resulting in a strong Peruvian guano industry.

Cusco City
Cusco is not only the provincial capital of Peru, but was also the capital of the ancient Inca empire.. Containing 1,000 world famous Inca monuments, "Cusco" in Quechua means "center of the world;" Peruvians call it "the crown jewel of the Andes." In the 11th century, it was the peak of the splendid Incan culture in South America. The city contains ancient palaces, temples, forts, monuments and church stone walls. Suburbs have held the world-famous "Sun Festival" in Sakewaman round castle.