Iceland
Iceland – Nation of Ice and Fire
Iceland is located in the North Atlantic, near the Arctic Circle.
The full name of the country is the Republic of Iceland. Covering an
area of 103,000 square kilometers, it has a population of 287,000,
all of a single Germanic ethnicity. Residents are Evangelical
Lutheran. Icelandic is the official language, and English is widely
spoken. ISK is the currency. The capital is Reykjavik (Reykjavik). 
National Flag
The flag is blue, with a red and white cross. Blue sea and white
snow are Iceland's national colors. The cross on the flag comes from
Denmark and the history of relations between Iceland, Norway, and
Denmark.
History
At the end of the 8th century, Irish monks first moved to Iceland.
In the second half of the 9th century, Norwegian immigrant began to
arrive in Iceland. 930 years of the establishment of the Federal
Parliament and Iceland. In 1262, Iceland belonged to Norway. In
1380, Iceland and Norway were under Danish rule. Iceland had
internal self-government by 1904. In 1918, the Danish signed a
federal law providing Iceland sovereignity at home, but Denmark
still controlled its foreign affairs. In 1940, the Germans occupied
Denmark, and Danish relations with Iceland broke. British troops
were stationed there in the same year, with the U.S. military to
replace the British the following year. On June 16, 1944, the
dissolution of Parliament was formally announced , and the Republic
of Iceland was established in June 17.
Economic and Cultural Customs
Given the history of the ice age and Iceland's high latitudes,
one-eighth of Iceland's land is covered by glaciers. The thickest
glaciers are over 1,000 meters.There are more than 200 volcanoes on
the island and its territories, of which more than twenty are
active. Mountains and volcanoes serve as contrast to glistening
white glaciers, a rare and strange landscape. Iceland has the most
hot springs of any country in the world, so it's said to be the "hot
island."
Iceland is rich in fishery resources. On the northern and eastern
coast, a lot of bait was brough here to allow fishing here. The fish
catch per capita is the highest in the world. Industrial fish
processing and aluminum smelting are part of this high-energy
industrial economy. Fishing equipment and stamping production lines
occupy a leading position in the world.
Under the Constitution, establishment of a military in Iceland is
prohibited. The country relies on the United States for its defense.
Because of its small population, the state encourages fertility, and
unmarried cohabitating couples having children is legal, as is
having children once over the age of 16. According to their
agreement between Iceland and the other Nordic countries, Iceland
Airlines provides transportation from outside the country and has
the responsibility for immigration. No landing of aircraft of other
countries is permitted.
Big Geyser
One of the world famous Great Geysers Is located in southwestern
Iceland, near the high Kadaluer. The diameter of the round pool is
18 meters, with additional 10 cm diameter holes. Inside the cave,
the temperature reaches up to hundreds of degrees Celsius. Before
each eruption, the ground rumbles, the sound gradually increases,
resulting in boiling water vapor that finally reaches a high
altitude. The water column can get as high as 50 meters, ranking it
the highest geyser in Iceland. Each eruption continues for twelve
minutes and is a spectacular scene.
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